Note: kmuts, hfalk, multiopt, ESD, WCC

Abstract: The Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET), energy consumption, and code size are among the most important criteria of hard real-time systems. To estimate the WCET and energy consumption at compile time, static analyzers are often used: they estimate the objectives by invoking time-consuming microarchitecture, data flow, and control flow analyses. The expensive analyses make it almost infeasible to use evolutionary algorithms for solving multiobjective problems with these two objectives at compile time, since any evolutionary algorithm extensively evaluates objectives to find solutions. We propose a method that speeds up an evolutionary algorithm supplying it with a reduced search space and prediction model fitted on the reduced search space, so the algorithm needs to explore a smaller search space and can use fast predictions instead of time-consuming estimations to evaluate the WCET and energy consumption. The proposed approach is general enough to be used for any compiler-based optimization. We demonstrate the advantages of it solving a multiobjective function inlining problem at compile time.